Wing, the drone delivery venture of Google parent Alphabet, on Wednesday announced it is expanding to Melbourne and the Australian state of Victoria along with its food delivery partner. More than 250,000 residents can now order food, drinks, and household items by drone, straight to their backyard, directly through the DoorDash app.

Melbourne is not the first market Wing and DoorDash have targeted, and it is unlikely to be the last. The partners began offering the service in the Brisbane suburb of Logan in 2022 and in March expanded to Christiansburg, Virginia, in partnership with Wendy’s.

Wing’s delivery area in Melbourne, however, is its largest yet in Australia, covering 26 suburbs in the east of the city. The larger size was enabled via regulatory approvals from the country’s leadership.

The service will also feature the company’s highest pilot-to-aircraft ratio to date, with a single pilot assigned to monitor up to 50 drones at a time, three times more than previously permitted. The increase was approved, Wing said, because the company has been able to demonstrate the safety of its service over five years of operation in the country.

The drones cruise at roughly 65 mph (56 knots) at an altitude of about 200 feet, and all flights are preplanned by an automated system. They can continue flying in light rain or even snow. The DoorDash app will provide customers with a countdown clock to collect their delivery, which, as FLYING saw firsthand, is accurate down to the second.

Partnering with DoorDash is part of Wing’s strategy of direct integration. The company uses tools such as automation and autonomous drone loaders to streamline the order and delivery process on the merchant’s end, while the customer gains easy access to the service through one of the world’s largest food delivery platforms. DoorDash, for its part, has also not been shy about its use of autonomy.

Separately, Wing announced an expansion of its service in the Dallas-Fort Worth metro area of Texas with partner Walmart. The companies added two new Walmart locations to their network, expanding it to six stores covering more than a dozen neighborhoods.

The drone delivery provider is also looking to get into healthcare through a collaboration with the U.K.’s Apian. The firms recently partnered with a collection of Irish companies to launch a healthcare drone delivery trial, including 100 flights per week of medical supplies and devices to Irish hospitals.

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Zipline on Monday announced plans to significantly expand a medical drone delivery initiative within the U.K.’s National Health Service (NHS) in collaboration with Apian—which, interestingly, partnered with Wing in August. The program will roll out in fall 2024.

“Today, 3,000-pound gas vehicles driven by humans are used to deliver 3-pound packages billions of times per year,” said Keller Rinaudo Cliffton, CEO and co-founder of Zipline. “It’s expensive, slow, and bad for the environment. This decision means that the NHS can start to transition delivery to solutions that are 10 times as fast, less expensive, and zero emission. This service will be delivered at a fraction of the cost of the existing solution and will help drive financial savings to the NHS in the longer term.”

Meanwhile, Wing, a subsidiary of Google parent Alphabet, announced last week that the FAA approved it for beyond visual line of sight (BVLOS) operations without visual observers (VOs), or humans who are stationed below the flight path to keep an eye on the drones. Coincidentally, the approval is a summary grant based on BVLOS exemptions the regulator awarded in September to four firms—including, you guessed it, Zipline.

Zipline Expands to the UK

As of mid-December, Zipline drones have made more than 850,000 deliveries. The company says it completes a trip every 70 seconds. Zipline got its start operating in sub-Saharan Africa before expanding to the U.S. and Japan, picking up customers such as Walmart, Pfizer, and Cleveland Clinic. But it hasn’t yet reached the U.K.

The firm hopes to change that by working with the NHS, Europe’s largest employer, and Apian, a healthcare logistics provider co-founded by a team of former NHS doctors. Apian’s flagship product is an automated, on-demand delivery system that will allow Zipline to easily fulfill orders placed by the NHS.

The new service will provide on-demand drone delivery of prescriptions, wound care, and other medical products to more than 30 hospitals, general practitioners, and care homes across the region.

“I’ve seen firsthand the impact that running out of supplies can have on patient health outcomes,” said Dr. Christopher Law, medical director and co-founder of Apian. “Healthcare should benefit from on-demand delivery, much like consumers now do in their personal lives. Delivering critical products with drones, where and when they’re most needed, will improve supply chain efficiency and give doctors, nurses, and clinicians more time to focus on the most important thing—their patients.”

Zipline will build a hub for the service near the Northumbria Specialist Emergency Care Hospital in Northumberland, England. From there, its autonomous, fixed-wing drones—or Zips, as the company refers to them—will travel up to 130 sm (113 nm) round trip in most weather conditions, floating packages gently to the ground using parachutes.

The Zips use technologies, such as artificial intelligence and an acoustic detect and avoid (DAA) system, to navigate around tall buildings or other aircraft. Each is equipped with redundant safety systems and supervised by trained personnel, who can track flights and intervene when needed.

Zipline intends to centralize inventory of the NHS’ most frequently ordered products: prescription medicines, wound care products, and joint replacement implants, to name a few. These will be flown to Hexham General Hospital, Wansbeck General Hospital, Haltwhistle War Memorial Hospital, and other regional health facilities, within minutes of receiving an order.

Eventually, the partners expect to deliver to “significantly more” health facilities. According to Zipline, the service should help providers move away from last-minute logistics to reduce the number of canceled procedures, which could reduce wait times. It’s expected to launch next year with Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust.

“This expansion with Zipline and Apian is an exciting next step as we strive to improve services for the hundreds of thousands of patients we serve,” said James Mackey, CEO of Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust. “We believe this innovative technology could be used to improve healthcare outcomes, save money, and eliminate supply chain complexities, and we’re keen to get started.”

Wing—which primarily delivers items such as food, wellness products, and household essentials—is working with Apian to add its own drones to U.K. medical logistics networks. The two plan to deliver pharmacy items, lab samples, and medical devices and supplies in South Dublin, Ireland, as early as this year.

However, the Alphabet subsidiary remains heavily focused on the U.S. market.

Wing Sheds Operational Restrictions

As Zipline adds a previously announced Wing partner, Wing is leveraging a previously announced Zipline approval to bolster its own operations.

The company on Friday said the FAA approved its DAA tech for BVLOS operations without VOs, allowing its drones to use ADS-B instead. The new permissions extend to the airspace above Dallas, where Wing serves customers within a 6-mile radius out of a Walmart Supercenter in the suburb of Frisco.

The firm said the exemption will allow it to remove VOs across Dallas and similar airspace around other major U.S. cities. Following Zipline’s landmark flight last month, Wing will be one of the first drone delivery providers to fly unencumbered by VOs.

“Overall, the FAA’s approval for DAA and recognition of broader strategic deconfliction and [uncrewed traffic management] applications will allow us to operate more efficiently and work toward scaled operations nationwide,” Wing wrote in a blog post. “Starting with communities across the Dallas-Fort Worth area, this action supports our path toward expanding our service across the U.S.”

Wing’s approval is a summary grant, which is essentially a streamlined authorization for a “copycat” company with similar infrastructure, aircraft, and technology to those who have already been approved. In lieu of a final rule on BVLOS operations, the FAA expects to use summary grants to enable early services without overbearing restrictions. Amazon Prime Air, for example, is another recipient.

It’s unclear which of the initial approvals Wing piggybacked off of to obtain its new permissions. But of the four firms to receive exemptions, Zipline’s is the most similar—it too was permitted to replace VOs with its DAA system in a few key markets.

“Our holistic approach to BVLOS flight has been used for commercial deliveries on three continents for several years,” Wing said in its blog post. “It is grounded in avoiding potential conflict before flights ever take off and utilizes in-flight DAA to add an additional layer of safety. Wing has demonstrated the effectiveness and safety of this approach with operational flight data, extensive simulation, and flight test.”

While not as flashy as an international expansion, the removal of VOs could be a big deal for Wing. Without the need to station humans on the ground, the company could greatly expand its delivery range while lowering operational costs. It’s one of the few paths to scale available to industry players, who are just beginning to turn visions of drone-filled skies into reality.

The updates from Wing and Zipline may also have implications for smaller industry players and startups. Having each made several hundred thousand deliveries, the two firms already have a leg up on the competition. Now, the rich are getting richer—and lesser known rivals may need to do even more to catch up.

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Lift Aircraft, the manufacturer of a funky, single-seat electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) design called Hexa, on Thursday announced that the aircraft is now on sale to fire departments, police departments, medical providers, and other public safety agencies.

Hexa has been in development for six years, and it’s finally ready to hit the market. The eVTOL was designed for “anyone” to get flying in a fraction of the time it would take to obtain a pilot’s certificate. But while the aircraft will eventually be marketed for personal use, law enforcement agencies and first responders will get the first crack at it.

Only five aircraft are being allocated to public agency partners, who can opt in with a refundable deposit before year’s end to reserve their delivery. Buyers can also take a trip out to Lift’s training facility near Austin, Texas, where a team will teach new pilots the ropes and talk through optimal use cases.

Lift customers will be able to fly Hexa for firefighting, police, medical, search and rescue, emergency, and disaster response applications under FAA public aircraft operations rules. And since it qualifies as a Part 103 ultralight, no pilot certification is needed to operate it. Beginner training on the aircraft’s control system—which consists of a single, three-axis joystick—can wrap up in less than an hour, the company claims.

Journalist Anderson Cooper and others with zero or minimal flight experience have already taken Hexa to the skies. FLYING got the chance to try out a simulator at UP.Summit in Dallas in October—the experience was akin to a virtual reality video game.

The Specs

Hexa’s pinwheel-shaped design uses distributed electric propulsion from 18 independent 126-kilowatt electric motors and propellers, each with its own battery pack. A redundant autopilot computer and the joystick control flight, but users can also switch to what Lift playfully calls “Look, mom, no hands!” mode. The aircraft can fly and land safely—even on water—with up to six motors disabled. Its airframe is built entirely of carbon fiber.

Weighing just 432 pounds, Hexa qualifies for the FAA’s powered ultralight classification, allowing it to be flown without a license. The eVTOL’s ultralight qualification was confirmed by the Light Aircraft Manufacturers Association (LAMA) in 2022.

The 15-by-15-foot aircraft folds down to about 9.5 by 7.5 feet, but it can carry up to 250 pounds (or up to 350 pounds in cargo configuration). Endurance (10 to 17 minutes) and range (8 to 15 sm) depend on payload. It cruises at around 60 knots at up to 9,000 MSL and can even fly in 20-knot winds, medium rain, and temperatures between 0 and 120 degrees Fahrenheit.

Versatility is the key here: Lift says Hexa’s unique features can benefit a plethora of different customers. Firefighters could douse blazes in hard to reach places. Disaster response teams could drop or extract personnel or supplies in places where helicopters can’t land. Emergency medical services could deploy air ambulances that arrive 80 percent faster. Even the U.S. Coast Guard could find some value, bringing Hexa in for a water landing to make an offshore rescue.

For those public safety agencies wary of deploying such a strange, unfamiliar aircraft, it may be reassuring to hear that Lift has already completed a pre-operational flight and safety test program. 

Oh, and it’s also been researched, developed, and tested over the course of five contracts with AFWERX, the innovation arm of the U.S. Air Force. That relationship began with an initial agreement in 2020 and blossomed into a Phase 3 contract, which has allowed Lift to train Air Force pilots on Hexa’s simple controls. Last year, airmen made their first remote flight at Eglin Air Force Base’s Duke Field (KEGI) in Florida.

But Air Force pilots and public agencies won’t be the only Hexa customers, Lift says. Eventually, the company claims, people will be able to walk into a Lift vertiport, train for less than an hour, and leave in an eVTOL flying solo—even in places like New York City.

Last year, Lift signed a tentative agreement with the Big Apple’s Charm Aviation, one of the East Coast’s largest helicopter tour operators, to bring Hexa to downtown Manhattan. FAA rules limit flights to uncongested flyover areas and uncontrolled airspace. But the company plans to dot the city’s waterfront with vertiports, providing access to a Class G VFR corridor that extends up to 1,300 feet.

Lift also intends to partner with the Warren Buffett-backed Marubeni Corporation to commercialize Hexa in Japan. The aircraft has already made public demonstrations in the country, and Marubeni could preorder as many as 100 of them.

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Helijet International Inc. on Tuesday announced that it placed firm orders for Beta Technologies’ Alia-250 electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) air taxi, becoming the first Canadian air carrier to purchase such a design. Helijet, Beta’s first commercial customer in Canada, also expects to be the first air carrier to offer eVTOL passenger and cargo services in the country.

The British Columbia-based firm claims to be the largest and longest-standing helicopter airline in North America. As far as scheduled passenger helicopter airlines go, Helijet and New York City-based Blade Urban Air Mobility are the only major regional players. In 2021, Blade partnered with Helijet’s booking platform to expand into Canada.

Once Beta’s Alia is certified and delivered, Helijet plans to add the aircraft to its existing fleet, which is composed of Eurocopter AS350 B2s, Sikorsky S76s, Learjet 31As, and Pilatus PC-12s.

How Helijet Will Deploy Alia

Though there are similarities between helicopters and eVTOL designs—the most obvious being the ability to take off and land vertically—Alia doesn’t quite match the performance of the aforementioned models. Its 50-foot wingspan is similar. But its 250 nm range and 100 knot cruise speed are more restrictive. However, Beta’s design is expected to be 90 percent quieter than comparable helicopters.

Alia will be integrated into Helijet’s passenger transport operations in southwest British Columbia and the Pacific Northwest, offering sustainable, quiet flights for a pilot and up to five passengers at a time. Beta and Helijet claim these trips will cost less than current helicopter flights, making them particularly valuable to rural or remote communities lacking convenient air services.

The eVTOL aircraft are also expected to bolster Helijet’s emergency response, air ambulance, and organ transfer services in Canada’s Lower Mainland region.

Over the past two years, the helicopter airline has shortlisted three eVTOL manufacturers building aircraft designed to fit into advanced air mobility (AAM) ecosystems. Though Beta will be its first supplier, the company will continue to evaluate orders for other nominated designs.

Helijet selected Alia in part due to Beta’s plan to certify the aircraft for IFR operations. The firm is also interested in growing its industrial base in Canada, where Beta in March opened an engineering and research and development hub at Montreal-Pierre Elliott Trudeau International Airport (CYUL).

Beta also has a partnership with Canada’s CAE, a large training OEM and provider of flight simulators, to develop pilot and maintenance technician training programs for Alia. Rival eVTOL manufacturer Joby Aviation has a similar agreement.

“With its mature air travel market demographic and existing challenges for conventional transportation between Vancouver Island and the Lower Mainland, southern B.C. provides an exciting opportunity to demonstrate the commercial viability and environmental sustainability of AAM in B.C. and Canada,” said JR Hammond, executive director of Canadian Advanced Air Mobility (CAAM), the country’s national AAM consortium, of which Helijet is a founding member.

Citing a 2020 white paper from Nexa Advisors, another member of the CAAM consortium, Helijet and Beta estimate that, over the next 15 to 20 years, the Greater Vancouver area has the potential to serve 4.2 million passengers using eVTOL aircraft. That could translate to about $1.5 billion (2.1 million Canadian dollars) in new AAM business activity.

To support those aims, Helijet is leading the development of a commercial vertiport at its downtown Vancouver waterfront heliport. The site is planned to be an intermodal transportation hub, connecting AAM passengers with road, marine, air, and rail access throughout the region.

“This provincial government recognizes the potential of advanced air mobility to decarbonize the aviation sector, improve regional connectivity, improve emergency response times and introduce new manufacturing opportunities in our province,” said British Columbia Premier David Eby, who attended the announcement of the deal at Helijet’s Victoria Harbour Heliport (CBF7).

Alia’s Flight Path

Per Tuesday’s announcement, Alia is in “advanced flight standards development” and on track for commercial certification in 2026, one year after Beta’s eCTOL (electric conventional takeoff and landing) variant is expected to be approved. Shortly after, it will be available for private and commercial service.

Beta so far has conducted eVTOL evaluation flights with the FAA, U.S. Air Force, and U.S. Army. The aircraft has completed multiple thousand-mile-plus jaunts across the U.S., the most recent of which saw it travel more than 1,500 nm across 12 states en route to Duke Field (KEGI), a military airport at Florida’s Eglin Air Force Base. Beta also delivered an electric aircraft charging station to Eglin in September, the first to arrive on an Air Force base.

Alia’s flight from the company’s home field in Plattsburgh, New York, to Eglin represented Beta’s first eVTOL delivery to a contracted partner. Just weeks earlier, the firm’s eCTOL completed a cross-border flight from Plattsburgh to Montreal, marking the first time a battery-utilizing electric aircraft landed in the city.

“Between our growing engineering hub in Montreal, our first cross-border flight to the region earlier this year, and the support we’ve received from the government and regulators across Canada, we look forward to continuing to grow our presence in the country,” said Kyle Clark, founder and CEO of Beta.

In addition to Helijet, Beta has Alia purchase orders from UPS, Blade, Bristow Group, LCI Aviation, United Therapeutics, and Air New Zealand, and the aircraft are expected to fulfill a variety of use cases. However, Beta plans to target cargo and medical delivery and military and defense missions before transporting passengers, per Tuesday’s announcement.

Earlier this month, the company opened a 188,500-square-foot final assembly plant at Vermont’s Burlington International Airport (KBTV), which it says is the first such operational facility for electric aircraft in the U.S. Beta also claims the site is the largest net-zero manufacturing plant east of the Mississippi River.

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Cleveland Clinic, considered one of the top hospital systems in the world based on rankings by outlets such as U.S. News & World Report and Newsweek, is partnering with drone delivery provider Zipline to fly certain medications directly to patients’ porches, patio tables, or front steps starting in 2025.

Deliveries will be made using Zipline’s Platform 2 (P2) delivery system, which is designed to complete 10 sm (8.7 nm) trips to dense, urban areas in about 10 minutes.

The largest drone delivery provider on Earth in terms of sheer volume, Zipline has completed more than 800,000 deliveries of some 8.3 million items to date, per the company’s website. The bulk of these are on-demand healthcare deliveries of cargo such as blood, vaccines, and prescription medications.

Already, Zipline is partnered with several U.S. retailers and healthcare providers, including Walmart, Cardinal Health, and MultiCare Health System. It added agreements with Michigan Medicine, Intermountain Healthcare, and OhioHealth earlier this year. The company currently flies in Arkansas, Utah, and North Carolina, with plans to expand into other states in the months ahead.

Earlier this month, competitor Amazon Prime Air added prescription drone delivery to its service in College Station, Texas, as more firms begin exploring the use case.

“This technology will help us achieve our goal to expand our pharmacy home delivery program and provide easier, quicker access to prescribed medications in our communities,” said Geoff Gates, senior director of supply chain management at Cleveland Clinic.

Starting next year, Cleveland Clinic will coordinate with local government officials to check its compliance with safety and technical requirements for launching the drone delivery service. It will also begin to install Zipline docks and loading portals at locations in northeast Ohio, mostly facilities at its main campus in Cleveland and in nearby Beechwood.

Initially, the service will deliver specialty medications and other prescriptions—which typically would be shipped via ground delivery—from more than a dozen Cleveland Clinic locations. Eventually, it’s expected to offer emergency or “rush” prescriptions, lab samples, prescription meals, medical and surgical supplies, and items for “hospital-at-home” services.

Cleveland Clinic has been lauded for its supply chain (for which it earned the top spot on Gartner’s 2021 ranking) and innovative use of technology, in particular. That makes it somewhat unsurprising that the hospital system would add an emerging technology like drone delivery, which is already changing the healthcare landscape in regions such as Africa. Zipline’s drones, for example, have delivered blood, vaccines, and other medical supplies in Rwanda since 2016.

“We are always looking for solutions that are cost effective, reliable and reduce the burden of getting medications to our patients,” said Bill Peacock, chief of operations at Cleveland Clinic. “Not only are deliveries via drone more accurate and efficient, the technology we are utilizing is environmentally friendly. The drones are small, electric, and use very little energy for deliveries.”

Zipline’s P2 drones, or Zips, include a detachable delivery “droid.” The droid docks on loading portals that can be installed directly on buildings, sliding back and forth between the building’s interior and exterior through a small opening—like a fast-food restaurant employee handing off meals through a drive-thru window.

When a prescription is ready to be delivered, a Cleveland Clinic technician will load the droid, which can carry up to 8 pounds of cargo. The small capsule then slides out of the window, undocks from the loading portal, and docks with the Zip, all on its own.

The drones will cruise at around 70 mph (61 knots) at an altitude near 300 feet, and customers will be able to track their orders in real time. Once it arrives at the delivery address, the Zip will deploy the droid, which uses a mix of onboard perception technology and electric fans to quietly and precisely steer itself to a dropoff point as small as a patio table. The Zip will then fly back to a Cleveland Clinic site and dock itself.

“Zipline has been focused on improving access to healthcare for eight years,” said Keller Rinaudo Cliffton, co-founder and CEO of Zipline. “We’re thrilled to soon bring fast, sustainable, and convenient delivery to Cleveland Clinic patients.”

Zipline announced P2 in March, but the system is not yet in action. However, the company expects the new hardware and software will enable quicker, quieter deliveries. 

In addition to the upgraded Zips, easier integrations with retailers, and other technology upgrades, a big benefit of P2 will be flexibility. The new drones will be able to fly up to 24 miles in a single direction and land on any dock in the network, allowing Zipline to send additional capacity to locations experiencing high volume (or divert it from sites that aren’t).

Already, the firm has several P2 customers lined up, including the government of Rwanda, Michigan Medicine, MultiCare, and American restaurant chain Sweetgreen. It will continue to deploy its Platform 1 (P1) system—which airdrops packages using a parachute—for certain clients.

Zipline is one of five U.S. drone delivery companies—the others being Prime Air, UPS Flight Forward, Alphabet’s Wing, and Causey Aviation Unmanned, a longtime partner of Israel’s Flytrex—to receive Part 135 air carrier certification from the FAA. The firm’s approval authorizes commercial operations spanning up to 26 sm (22.5 nm), including beyond the visual line of sight (BVLOS) of the pilot.

In September, Zipline obtained an FAA BVLOS exemption for its services in Utah and Arkansas with P1. The waiver allows the company to remove visual observers from those routes, which it said it will begin doing later this year. Three other firms, including Flight Forward, received similar permissions.

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Wing, the drone delivery subsidiary of Alphabet that delivers items like beer and peanuts to baseball fans, extra balls and tees to golf courses, and food to hungry customers in bustling cities, on Wednesday announced it will launch its first medical drone delivery service in Ireland this year. The new network will deliver pharmacy items, laboratory samples, and medical devices and supplies between healthcare providers.

“Think of this as a ‘provider-to-provider’ service, or B2B, meaning not directly to the consumer or households,” a Wing spokesperson told FLYING. “We will be delivering to hospitals and other healthcare providers, which is different from our residential deliveries you might have seen elsewhere.”

To integrate into medical logistics networks, Wing will partner with Apian, a U.K.-based company founded by a team of National Health Service doctors. The firm uses APIs to combine medical and aviation systems, connecting healthcare providers with drone operators and services through a single, automated, on-demand delivery system for critical cargo.

The partners will spend the next few months working with local healthcare and pharmacy partners to create a rapid medical delivery network in the Irish county of South Dublin, where more than one-quarter of a million potential customers reside. 

The suburban setting is one most drone delivery companies would avoid. In these densely populated regions, the aircraft need to be able to avoid tall buildings while ensuring the safety and privacy of hundreds of thousands of people on the ground. 

But delivering to congested areas is Wing’s forte, having already launched services in the Dallas-Fort Worth metropolitan area and several midsized Australian cities. 

Later this year, the company expects to begin working with hospitals and other care providers in Dublin to make drone deliveries in the Irish capital a reality. It told FLYING that customers can anticipate a maximum of 20 deliveries per day at launch.

“Together, Wing and Apian believe that healthcare should benefit from on-demand delivery much like consumers do in their personal lives,” wrote Shannon Nash, chief financial officer of Wing, in a blog post. “Medical drone delivery can provide a faster, more reliable, lower-cost solution than ground-based alternatives. We aim to address speed, inefficiencies, and also environmental challenges by reducing vehicles on the road.”

Wing’s South Dublin drone delivery network won’t be its first activity in Ireland. The announcement follows the company’s October 2022 launch of a small-scale demonstration of an operation in Lusk, a town about 12 miles north of Dublin.

The goal of that demonstration was to gain experience operating in Ireland and learning from the local community which services would add the most value. The company said Wednesday it received important feedback from those trials—and it appears medical deliveries came highly requested.

Wing said it chose to launch in Ireland because of the support it has received from the Irish Aviation Authority. It also pointed to the local community’s embrace of emerging technologies, which has fostered the growth of companies such as Manna Drone Delivery, the country’s preeminent provider. To Wing’s point, Manna founder and CEO Bobby Healy in July hailed the American firm as “the gold standard in our industry.”

“They have a platform that’s way ahead of everyone, a team that has the ability and capital to really go forward, and they’re ready to scale,” he said. “They’ll be held back in the U.S., just because regulations aren’t there yet. But I think you can safely say that it will be Manna and Wing scaling in Europe in the not-too-distant future.”

As Healy alluded, Wing does not plan to stop at Ireland. Servicing all of Europe presents a lofty challenge, but at minimum it plans to turn the U.K. into a key market.

“We also look forward to future opportunities in the U.K. after years of collaboration with regulators and contributions to numerous policy forums,” Nash wrote.

Drone Delivery Dominance

The addition of medical deliveries could add to Wing’s well-established drone delivery dominance. Earlier this year, the company surpassed 300,000 deliveries globally, dwarfing the likes of Amazon Prime Air, UPS Flight Forward, and other key rivals.

Wing currently flies in 10 total locations, with its largest services in the Australian states of Queensland and New South Wales. There, it makes store-to-door deliveries for grocery store chain Coles Supermarkets and accepts in-app orders through a partnership with DoorDash, among other services. On a good day, the company will make 1,000 deliveries—or about one every 25 seconds—to Australian customers.

In addition, Wing drones are abuzz in the suburbs of Dallas and Christiansburg, Virginia, the firm’s first U.S. market. Helsinki is another major service area.

Prior to Wednesday’s announcement, Wing got its wings primarily by delivering hot meals, convenience and grocery items, and last-mile e-commerce orders. Now, though, the firm says it is fully committed to adding health care services.

“Drone delivery in healthcare has a tremendous opportunity for scale, both in operational service and in benefits delivered to patients and providers,” a spokesperson told FLYING. “We look forward to continued work in healthcare drone delivery in the future.”

That industry is currently dominated by Bay Area-based Zipline, which boasts expansive services in sub-Saharan Africa and Southeast Asia, as well as in the U.S. in Arkansas, Utah, and North Carolina. In May, the company announced it had completed more than 600,000 deliveries of blood, vaccines, prescriptions, and other medical cargo.

Wing has a long way to go to catch Zipline. But there’s a key difference between the two that could give the former a leg up.

Unlike Zipline and other rivals, Wing has opted to fly mostly in urban settings, which have largely been untouched by drone delivery. Zipline also hopes to operate in cities with the launch of its P2 delivery system. But the Alphabet subsidiary is building its entire business around those densely populated markets.

In March, it revealed its concept for the Wing Delivery Network, considered the model for the company moving forward. The idea is to use the roofs and parking lots of city storefronts as delivery hubs and to fly its drones like last-mile delivery vans, traveling between stores and continuously making deliveries where demand is highest.

The decentralized system runs on a proprietary logistics automation software, which allocates drones to “pads” where they take off, land, and charge. The system also manages Autoloaders, staged modules that allow store associates to “preload” orders drones can pick up automatically. Essentially, it’s an automated version of curbside pickup.

The system is designed with flexibility at the forefront. It can turn just about any location into a delivery hub, and its ability to reposition drones throughout the network allows it to adjust to spikes in demand.

“Wing’s operations require very little infrastructure and can be set up in a range of spaces, making them suitable for a wide variety of healthcare facilities,” Nash wrote in her blog post.

By mid-2024, Wing envisions its Delivery Network handling millions of deliveries for millions of customers. And it expects it to do so at a lower cost than ground transport can achieve for same-day delivery of small packages. 

In a healthcare industry where speed is key, the system’s ability to deliver in as little as three minutes has the potential to save lives. In a few months, we’ll find out exactly what it’s capable of.

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The aircraft in question, Swiss eVTOL manufacturer Dufour Aerospace’s Aero2, has been in development for years and is now entering its final prototype phase, the firm announced Thursday.

It’s a huge milestone for Dufour. Designed to enable flight testing and certification before the autonomous Aero2 enters serial production in 2025, the fourth and final prototype, X2.3, is just about ready to be built. Slated to begin testing in early 2024, X2.3 will bring Dufour closer to European Union Aviation and Safety Agency (EASA) design approval.

The announcement follows Dufour’s historic deal with Spright—a subsidiary of helicopter services firm Air Methods—for the purchase of up to 140 Aero2 aircraft, one of the largest civilian drone purchases to date.

More recently, the company secured a Series B funding raise led by Vista Global, one of the world’s leading private aviation groups. It also earned a $2.8 million grant from Innosuisse, the innovation agency of the Swiss Confederation, the most it was eligible to receive.

Aero2’s unique, tilt-wing design gives it the vertical lift capabilities of a helicopter with the cruise speed of a winged plane. The key differences between X2.3 and Dufour’s previous prototype—which has flown successfully at the firm’s airfield in Dübendorf, Switzerland—are an improved maximum takeoff weight (around 459 pounds) and the addition of hybrid-electric propulsion through a frame contract with Suter Industries.

And while the latest prototype is projected to have a slightly slower cruise speed (81 knots versus 92 knots in earlier iterations), Dufour will give it more ground clearance and a larger fuselage and wingspan. Other changes include a new front-loading mechanism, the replacement of a conventional tail with a more stable H-tail configuration, and swapping ducted fans for a rear propeller.

“Aero2 is able to transport 88 [pounds] over a distance of 215 nm. The structure and systems have to be safe and aerodynamically efficient, and delivering this is not an easy task,” said Simon Bendrey, Dufour’s head of design. “I’m especially proud of the hard work of our teams to lock in a design that will meet or exceed our customers’ stringent requirements.”

Aero2’s specifications—which also include redundant motors and control surfaces as well as a flight time of three hours in standard configuration—make it a good fit for multiple operations, hence the “Swiss Army knife” moniker. 

Dufour envisions it being used to deliver critical cargo, such as blood and vaccines, conduct remote sensing and data gathering (including beyond the visual line of sight), and enable public safety operations from search and rescue to wildfire prevention to border monitoring.

Now, the company is acquiring the materials needed to build the X.23 design, which will align with EASA’s Specific Assurance and Integrity Level IV (SAIL IV) standards. The agency has yet to fully define the requirements and means of compliance for that approval, which would enable operations over populated areas. But as soon as it does, Dufour plans to apply for it.

“Dufour Aerospace is working hard to develop the Aero2, and we have full confidence in their ability to deliver their innovative product,” said Joseph Resnik, president and CEO of Spright. “We’ve worked closely with the team at Dufour for more than one year now and are pleased with the progress being made. In close contact with our existing and prospective customers, we see a huge potential for this aircraft for numerous applications.”

In addition to the Spright deal, Dufour agreed to a long-term contract with Blueberry Aviation that will see the commercial aircraft and helicopter specialist purchase 100 Aero2 drones. The agreement also calls for Blueberry to acquire 100 Aero3 aircraft—a larger, piloted model that Dufour expects will become its flagship product.

Aero3 will maintain the tilt-wing and hybrid-electric propulsion components of Aero2 and is expected to handle a similar range of operations. The difference is it will hold up to eight passengers and fly farther, faster, and more efficiently than its predecessor, capable of carrying a useful load of 1,650 pounds.

Dufour is working to certify Aero3 by late 2025, about a year after Aero2 is expected to be approved. Worth noting, though, is the firm initially anticipated serial production of Aero2 to begin this year—that date has now been pushed back.

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